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Public Wi-Fi risk’s explained: How to secure your laptop and protect data from cyber hackers |

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Public Wi-Fi risk’s explained: How to secure your laptop and protect data from cyber hackers |
Public Wi-Fi risk’s explained: How to secure your laptop and protect data from cyber hackers

Public Wi-Fi in cafés, airports, hotels, and stations feels like a convenient solution when you need fast internet away from home.

You connect your laptop in seconds and continue working, studying, or browsing without considering the risks. However, public Wi-Fi networks are among the most common entry points for cybercriminals.

Hackers often use open networks to intercept data, steal login credentials, plant malware, or gain remote access to devices. Many people assume cyberattacks only happen to businesses, but individuals using unsecured networks are often the easiest targets.

If you connect without protection, you could be exposing banking information, private messages, and personal files within minutes. Securing your laptop before using public Wi-Fi is essential if you want to avoid serious threats

.A peer-reviewed study on ResearchGate on wireless network vulnerability found that attackers can intercept unencrypted traffic and perform man-in-the-middle attacks on open Wi-Fi networks, placing users at high risk of credential theft and data compromise.

The researchers warn that users often underestimate the risk because attacks happen silently in the background, without any visible signs. Cybersecurity experts recommend strong encryption tools, controlled network settings, and cautious browsing habits to protect laptops when using public networks.

Here’s How You Could Lose Money Without Sharing OTP Or Scanning QR Code | I Witness

Why public Wi-Fi puts your laptop at risk

Most public Wi-Fi networks do not use strong encryption, and some have no security at all. This allows hackers to capture data transmitted across the network through methods such as packet sniffing or session hijacking.

Attackers may also create fake “evil twin” networks that look identical to legitimate Wi-Fi access points. Once connected, they can view browsing data, passwords and stored session cookies, allowing them to access email, banking or social media accounts.Additionally:

  • Open networks allow other connected users to attempt unauthorised file access
  • Malware can be injected remotely if software vulnerabilities exist
  • Browsers can be forced to unsafe pages or phishing traps

These threats occur quietly, long before victims realise anything is wrong.

How to secure your laptop from cyber attackers on public Wi-Fi

How to secure your laptop from cyber attackers on public Wi-Fi

Use a Virtual Private Network (VPN) A VPN encrypts traffic between your laptop and the internet, preventing attackers from intercepting data even on an insecure network.Only browse on HTTPS websites Look for the padlock symbol and https:// prefix. Encrypted sites protect login sessions and sensitive information.Disable auto-connect and file sharing Turn off automatic Wi-Fi connection.

Bluetooth sharing and network discovery. This prevents strangers from accessing files on your laptop.Turn on your firewall and update software Firewalls block unauthorised access attempts, and updates patch vulnerabilities that attackers exploit.Enable multi-factor authentication

If a password is stolen, MFA prevents attackers from logging in.Use strong, unique passwords and avoid autofill Password managers generate safer credentials without exposing stored data.

When you should avoid public Wi-Fi entirely

Even with precautions, some activities should never be done on public Wi-Fi:

  • Banking or payment transactions
  • Uploading confidential files
  • Accessing corporate networks without a secure VPN
  • Opening medical or financial portals

Using mobile data or a personal hotspot is safer whenever handling sensitive information.

Additional best practices to secure your laptop on public Wi-Fi

Additional best practices to secure your laptop on public Wi-Fi
  • Confirm network names with staff to avoid fake hotspots
  • Log out and “forget network” after disconnecting
  • Avoid downloading attachments or software updates while on public networks
  • Keep antivirus protection active and real-time scanning enabled

Small habits significantly reduce the risk of cyberattacks.You should never connect your laptop to public Wi-Fi without proper safeguards. While open networks are convenient, they are also prime hunting grounds for cybercriminals.

If you must use them, enable a VPN, restrict access permissions, and browse only through encrypted channels. With careful practice, you can enjoy connectivity without allowing attackers to exploit your data.Also read| Is your Gmail hacked? Simple ways to check recent logins and secure your account

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Alia Bhatt shares glimpses of griha pravesh puja with Ranbir Kapoor, drops adorable PICS from daughter Raha’s birthday.

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Alia Bhatt shares glimpses of griha pravesh puja with Ranbir Kapoor, drops adorable PICS from daughter Raha’s birthday.
Alia Bhatt shares glimpses of griha pravesh puja with Ranbir Kapoor, drops adorable PICS from daughter Raha’s birthday
Alia Bhatt and Ranbir Kapoor moved into their new six-storey Pali Hill bungalow with daughter Raha and Neetu Kapoor.
Marking both their griha pravesh puja and Raha’s third birthday, Alia shared heartfelt photos featuring family rituals, tender moments, and glimpses of their lavish Rs 250-crore Mumbai home.

Alia Bhatt and Ranbir Kapoor began a new chapter as they moved into their stunning six-storey home in Mumbai’s Pali Hill last month. Joining them in their new abode were their little one, Raha, and Ranbir’s mother, Neetu Kapoor.

The timing couldn’t have been more perfect; the family also celebrated Raha turning three. Although Alia kept the festivities private at first, she has now delighted fans by sharing glimpses from both their griha pravesh puja and Raha’s birthday celebrations.

A heartwarming November photo dump

Early today, Alia treated her Instagram followers to a heartwarming photo dump from November, reflecting on a memorable month.

Sharing the post, she wrote, “november 2025… you were a month & a half.” The collection begins with a beautiful shot from the griha pravesh, where Alia and Ranbir are seen stepping into their new home with a kalash placed at the entrance.

Dressed gracefully in a blush pink and golden saree, Alia shows elegance, while Ranbir complements her in a crisp white kurta pyjama.

Emotional moments with family

Another touching frame captures Neetu embracing Alia, with the late Rishi Kapoor’s photograph visible in the background, a moment filled with emotion and warmth. The series also includes glimpses of the couple performing rituals together.

Alia displays folded hands, while Ranbir respectfully bows before his father’s picture. During the ceremony, an adorable moment captures Ranbir and little Raha holding a few grains of rice together.

Raha celebrated her third birthday.

Along with the griha pravesh photos, Alia gave fans another treat: a peek into little Raha’s third birthday celebration. One of the first pictures captures a tender mother-daughter moment, with Alia lovingly holding Raha in her arms.

The two looked adorable in matching pink ensembles. Another lively frame shows Alia posing with friends, surrounded by pastel-hued decorations that created a warm and elegant party vibe. In one heartwarming click, Alia stands beside her mother.

Mahesh Bhatt takes their photo. Adding a sweet touch to the celebration, Alia also shared a picture of the beautifully crafted two-tier cake designed for Raha’s special day.

Inside the luxurious Pali Hill bungalow

The new six-storey bungalow stands where the old Krishna Raj bungalow, the Kapoor family’s former home, once was.

The house includes modern interiors, entertainment areas, and a green terrace garden. Reportedly valued at around Rs. 250 crore, the Pali Hill home is one of the most expensive celebrity houses in India.

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A builder’s collapse into administration has left hundreds of flats abandoned in a UK town, causing outrage.

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A builder’s collapse into administration has left hundreds of flats abandoned in a UK town, causing outrage.
257 flats in Victoria Road, Ashford, lie abandoned as Vidi Construction goes into administration

FURIOUS locals are demanding answers about a £62m development that came to a sudden halt after the firm fell into administration.

The scheme to build 257 new flats in Ashford descended into chaos after contractor Vidi Construction went bust in September.

Construction work on the site was abruptly ended when the contractor went bust. Credit: Cover Images
The building site has been branded an ‘eyesore’ Credit: Cover Images

Since then, the building site, which has been deemed an eyesore, has remained unchanged.

The £62.3 million project on Victoria Road was meant to transform the long-derelict Powergen plot with hundreds of rental homes, a gym, and co-working spaces.

Instead, huge empty blocks now tower over the town centre.

Residents say building work “suddenly stopped” without warning and the once-busy site has looked abandoned for months.

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“I walk past the site regularly and was very surprised when it stopped,” one local said.

“Given the size of the multimillion-pound development, it was unexpected for the construction to halt abruptly.”

“Let’s hope they sort out a solution quickly and can finish the development because it is a very prominent site that needs completing.”

Vidi Construction had already delivered the first batch of 143 homes on the opposite side of the road.

The company collapsed in the autumn after almost ten years in business.

It employed around 40 staff and used up to 200 subcontractors.

The Coventry-based firm had teamed up with Starlight Investments, which bought the land last year.

Starlight had initially planned to complete the project by late 2025, but this target is currently uncertain.

Vidi’s accounts showed a turnover of £39.5 million and a pre-tax profit of £519,800 in the year to March 2023.

The firm held net assets of £3.5 million.

Construction finally began on the project in 2021 Credit: Cover Images

Before the High Court appointed administrators from Horsfields, it had warned of growing pressure from Covid, Brexit, rising living costs, and inflation.

Several homes in the first phase are already occupied and others are being marketed for between £210,000 and £420,000 by North Properties Group.

The future of the unfinished second phase is unknown. Starlight continues to state online that the site is still scheduled for completion in late 2025.

The project has been talked about since 2005 and was approved by Ashford Borough Council in 2016.

Construction finally began in 2021 on what was hoped would be a major regeneration of Victoria Road.

Instead, one of Ashford’s most important development sites now sits silent once again.

The Sun has approached Starlight and Vidi Construction for comment.

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RBI governor Sanjay Malhotra views the impact of Trump tariffs as ‘minimal’ and believes that India ‘should be able to come out of this stronger.’

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RBI governor Sanjay Malhotra views the impact of Trump tariffs as ‘minimal’ and believes that India ‘should be able to come out of this stronger.’
‘Opportunity for us’: RBI governor Sanjay Malhotra sees impact of Trump tariffs as ‘minimal’; says ‘should be able to come out of this stronger’
US President Donald Trump in August imposed 50% tariffs on Indian exports to America, 25% of which are for India’s crude oil imports from Russia. (AI image)

RBI governor Sanjay Malhotra believes that the tariffs imposed on Indian exports are an opportunity for the sector.

In a post-RBI policy press conference, Malhotra told reporters that the impact of tariffs has been ‘minimal’. US President Donald Trump in August imposed 50% tariffs on Indian exports to America, 25% of which are for India’s crude oil imports from Russia. India and the US have resumed discussions for a bilateral trade agreement.

But the former has drawn its red lines on sensitive sectors like agriculture and dairy, while at the same time stressing its strategic autonomy in deciding its sources of energy procurement.

RBI Slashes Rates After Rupee Fall, Boosts Liquidity And Lifts India’s GDP Forecast To 7.3%

How much have US tariffs hit the Indian economy? What RBI said?

Asked about the impact of tariffs, the RBI governor said, “It’s a minimal impact. It’s not a very high impact because ours is mostly a domestic demand-driven economy.” Also Read | MPC meet: Low inflation, high growth – why did RBI still cut the repo rate? Sanjay Malhotra explains While acknowledging that some sectors have been hit,

Sanjay Malhotra expressed confidence in diversifying. “A few sectors are certainly impacted by it. We have given out relief packages. The government of India has also given out a relief package,” he said. As stated by the central bank governor,

The tariffs are an opportunity. “I think this is an opportunity for us. Exporters have already started looking out, improving not only their productivity but also diversifying, etc. We should be able to come out of this stronger going forward.”

he said. India’s exports to the United States, its biggest overseas market, have declined significantly due to substantial increases in tariffs. During the period from May to October 2025, exports dropped by 28.5%, decreasing from $8.83 billion to $6.31 billion. The reduction occurred after the United States implemented a series of heightened tariffs.

starting with 10% on April 2, escalating to 25% on August 7, and culminating at 50% by end-August—resulting in Indian products facing some of the highest tax rates amongst all US trade partners

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Luiza Rozova breaks silence in Ukraine.

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Luiza Rozova breaks silence in Ukraine.

Luiza Rozova, 22, widely rumored to be Vladimir Putin’s secret daughter, was ambushed on the streets of Paris by Ukrainian journalist Dmytro Sviatnenko of TSN.

whose brother was killed in a Russian airstrike. Walking with a bodyguard, Rozova appeared uneasy and masked, telling Sviatnenko, “

I’m truly sorry that this is happening. Unfortunately, I’m not responsible for this situation.” The encounter, captured on video, quickly went viral. Sviatnenko pressed her to confront her father, saying

She could at least tell Putin, “Dad, stop shelling Kyiv,” to which Rozova responded, “What does that have to do with me?”

She repeatedly requested not to be filmed. Long linked to Putin and Svetlana Krivonogikh, Rozova has no confirmed political influence, though speculation about her identity and ties to Russia’s elite has circulated since 2021.

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According to Hindi Movie News, Aishwarya Rai Bachchan remembers her daughter Aaradhya Bachchan’s Cannes experiences, saying, “It wasn’t about putting Aaradhya in a gown.”

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According to Hindi Movie News, Aishwarya Rai Bachchan remembers her daughter Aaradhya Bachchan’s Cannes experiences, saying, “It wasn’t about putting Aaradhya in a gown.”
Aishwarya Rai Bachchan recalls daughter Aaradhya Bachchan’s Cannes memories, ‘It wasn’t about putting Aaradhya in a gown’

At the Red Sea Film Festival on Thursday, Aishwarya Rai Bachchan commanded attention with her stunning black gown and her signature grace as she greeted fans. The actor later participated in an engaging session where she opened up about motherhood, memories with her daughter Aaradhya, and the bond they’ve shared through their many Cannes journeys together.

‘Just mama and daughter having their real moment’

Aishwarya fondly recalled how Aaradhya has grown up visiting the Cannes Film Festival and how the atmosphere has always felt familiar to her. She explained that her daughter enjoys the vibe, reconnects with friends, and understands the rhythm of the festival thanks to her many years of accompanying her.

Reflecting on the viral moments of Aaradhya walking the corridor with her, Aishwarya clarified that none of it was planned or for the cameras. She said, “It wasn’t about putting Aaradhya in a gown just because she was going to be photographed.” No. For me, it’s a little girl—a little girl who’s reading or viewing fairytale stories, right? So it was fun for me to be dressed up, because why is Mama dressing up in these gowns? She’s a kid. She’s suddenly seeing a mother dressed in a gown with hair done.

So I was like, ‘We’re playing a fairy tale. We’re playing dress-up.’ So I’d also make a dress at home in India and pack it. Aishwarya shared how those behind-the-scenes moments were candid, unscripted, and full of joy.

“If I choose to show those videos, they’re completely entertaining… I’d be getting ready for the red carpet, but there’d be another number happening, which is so real. So while the team was trying to do their job professionally, there was Aaradhya, like, “Mama, look at this,” and there was a twirl happening and all of that.” She recalled the day Aaradhya unintentionally became part of a viral moment:

“It was just one of those incidental days when she walked out with me while still holding my hand, which I wouldn’t let go of because she was enjoying it.” You keep it real. We continued coming down and then I was like, ‘Uh-oh, now we’re already out here,’ and there she is, and she’s like, ‘Mama,’ and she’s twirling. I’m like, “Okay,” and then all these moments go viral, whereas actually it was just Mama and daughter having their real moment.

Aishwarya Rai Bachchan’s Heartfelt Tribute To Her Late Father On His Birth Anniversary!

 

‘Women are inherently strong.’

During the same session, Aishwarya also spoke powerfully about the strength of women, celebrating their resilience and presence in every role they play. She said, “Women by birth are strong.

All women are immensely strong; you are shakti, devi; you are the embodiment of strength, beauty, and femininity. Enjoy every aspect of being who you are, and we need to be celebrated every second of our existence.”

Highlighting how women constantly adapt, navigate, and rise through challenges, she added, “Inherently, women are strong, and they are always striving, figuring out how to tie all that life throws at them. She emphasised the importance of embracing life’s challenges and handling them effectively. That’s who we are in every role of life as daughters, sisters, mothers, and wives.”





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The parliamentary panel on the bill to ‘decriminalise politics’ will reach out to the opposition.

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The parliamentary panel on the bill to ‘decriminalise politics’ will reach out to the opposition.

Parl panel on bill to ‘decriminalise politics’ to reach out to oppn

NEW DELHI:

The parliamentary committee looking at the bill to remove the prime minister, chief ministers, and ministers who are arrested on serious charges decided on Thursday to invite opposition parties, who had boycotted the panel in protest, to share their ideas.

sources said. The committee headed by BJP MP Aparajita Sarangi held its first meeting, and, according to her, all members agreed on the need for the “decriminalisation of politics”.

She added that the panel would ensure “wide-ranging discussion” with all stakeholders. The constitutional amendment bill proposes that PMs, CMs, and ministers cease to hold office if they are in detention for 30 consecutive days on serious criminal charges. Opposition parties, such as Congress, SP, TMC, and DMK, have declined to join the joint parliamentary committee, asserting that the bill can be used to target state governments for political reasons.

The committee has resolved to initiate contact with these parties. It will also be visiting states and speaking to different stakeholders, including leaders of the opposition, the sources said.

The panel will be speaking to constitutional experts and lawyers’ bodies as well. In the meeting, sources said, AIMIM MP Asaduddin Owaisi cited different criminal laws, including BNS Section 187, which allows detention of an accused for 90 days, as well as PMLA, to argue against the proposed law.

Another JPC, which is scrutinising the constitutional amendment bill for simultaneous Lok Sabha and assembly elections, met on Thursday, with Law Commission chairperson Dinesh Maheshwari, a former SC judge, endorsing the proposed law.

He rejected the contention that it was against the basic structure of the Constitution and federalism. Opposition MPs, including Congress’s Priyanka Gandhi Vadra, raised questions about the provisions.

The commission will be submitting its views on the queries raised by members, sources said. The scheduled speakers include the EC, former CJI BR Gavai, opposition MP and noted lawyer Kapil Sibal, and economists Gita Gopinath and Sanjeev Sanyal.

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Gaza longs for normality, but quasi-anarchy reigns and Hamas is once again exerting control | World News

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Gaza longs for normality, but quasi-anarchy reigns and Hamas is once again exerting control | World News


There is a desperate desire for normality in Gaza – for full shops, functioning hospitals, open schools, habitable homes and usable roads. For electricity that comes on reliably, skies that don’t hum with drones and days that don’t crackle with gunfire.

In Khan Younis, 54 couples got married at one enormous shared ceremony. The event attracted crowds who clambered on to a smashed-out building opposite the dais to wave at the brides and grooms, and to celebrate. Amid a grey landscape of dust and destruction, the image was one of colour and cheer.

It is a captivating vision of a better world, but it is an illusion. Gaza is still being ripped by tides of danger, violence and volatility. And it all sits within a cobweb of conflicting interests that makes security so precarious that you wonder how peace can ever return.

Take the past day or two. First, the Israeli military says that five of their soldiers have been injured after being attacked by Hamas fighters who may have emerged from hiding in tunnels.

Palestinians celebrate a mass wedding ceremony in Khan Younis, on 2 December: Pic: AP
Image:
Palestinians celebrate a mass wedding ceremony in Khan Younis, on 2 December: Pic: AP

As has happened after all such incidents previously, Israel responds with a show of might – with an airstrike that, it says, was aimed at a senior Hamas official. In the ensuing fallout, civilians, including two children, are killed.

Israel also announces that it will open the Rafah Crossing, but only to allow people out of Gaza. Egypt says it won’t co-operate unless the crossing allows people to go in both directions. Israel, which suspects Egypt of offering financial support to Hamas, does not agree. Stalemate.

Also in Rafah, Yasser Abu Shabab, leader of a militant group that opposed Hamas and was getting covert backing from Israel, is killed, presumably by Hamas fighters. Exactly how they got into his territory is hard to guess, but his killing suggests that, far from being degraded, Hamas is once again exerting control.

Read more:
Anti-Hamas militia leader killed in Gaza Strip – reports
Rafah crossing to open ‘in coming days’, Israel says

And then there is the return of the remains of the penultimate hostage, Sudthisak Rinthalak, from Gaza to Israel. Only one body now remains to be handed back, that of police officer Ran Gvili, and once that has been returned, then we wonder what will happen next.

In theory, we enter Phase Two, which will see a flood of aid, the disarmament of Hamas, the rebuilding of Gaza and a new governance structure. But the obstacles ahead are monumental, ranging from questions about exactly who is going to take Hamas’s weapons away from them, to how Palestinians are going to feel about Gaza being governed by foreigners.

Hostage Ran Gvili, whose remains have yet to be returned. Pic: AP
Image:
Hostage Ran Gvili, whose remains have yet to be returned. Pic: AP

Sources say that a huge amount of effort has been invested, largely by American diplomats, soldiers, planners and business people, in trying to plan for this future. America has a huge co-ordination centre set up in southern Israel and President Trump believes that peace in the Middle East is his ticket to the Nobel Prize.

But it would be a huge – strike that, impossible – stretch of faith to think that these plans will come into play effortlessly. They won’t. The ambitions outlined in Phase Two are still little more than hopes.

For one thing, half of Gaza is still under Israeli military control and the IDF are not going anywhere. For another, the other half of Gaza is in a state of quasi-anarchy.

The idea of a military supervisory force has been signed off by the United Nations, but has not yet been created. Nor has a set of rules of engagement – imagine if an Egyptian military unit comes across a firefight between Hamas and a different militia – who would they shoot at first? What rules would cover their actions? How do you maintain peace in Gaza?

The questions go on into the distance. And, as long as Hamas regroups, so the concept of it then choosing to voluntarily disarm and largely disband seems harder and harder to believe. If that doesn’t happen, then Israel will not stop worrying about another October 7 attack.

We could go on like this, but the point is clear. The return of the final hostage will bring into play a mass of new questions, none of which appear to have answers. And for the people of Gaza, the anxiety of life will roll on.



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‘No discussion’ about banning Maccabi Tel Aviv fans at Stuttgart Europa League match | World News

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‘No discussion’ about banning Maccabi Tel Aviv fans at Stuttgart Europa League match | World News

Maccabi Tel Aviv fans will be allowed into next week’s Europa League match at Stuttgart, as banning them was not considered, the German club has confirmed to Sky News.

It contrasts with the Israeli club’s fans being excluded from Aston Villa last month after police in Birmingham cited safety threats – a decision now condemned by Europe’s main football supporters’ group.

West Midlands Police chiefs justified the decision on Monday to the Home Affairs Select Committee by referencing racist violence by the Maccabi fans in Amsterdam last year – evidence disputed in part by the Dutch police to Sky News.

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5:12

Police face fresh questions over Maccabi football fans ban
We have learned officials in southeast Germany did not consider imposing a ban on Maccabi fans next Thursday for the club’s first Europa League away match since the trip to Birmingham.

“Maccabi Tel Aviv fans can attend this game,” Bundesliga club Stuttgart told Sky News.

“There was no discussion in Stuttgart about excluding away fans – neither among the local authorities nor within the club.”

The municipal council in Stuttgart said that after talks with “all the authorities that deal with public safety, all of them are well prepared and focus on securing public safety”.

 

The decision to allow Israeli fans into Stuttgart’s MHP Arena has been backed by Football Supporters Europe, which is now expressing concern about the moves by authorities in Birmingham to shut out Maccabi fans amid community tensions inflamed by the Israel-Hamas war.

Read more:
Maccabi boss hits out at ‘blatant falsehoods’

Police blame ban on ‘significant hooliganism’

“An away travel ban is always an admission of defeat from the public authorities,” Ronan Evain, executive director of Football Supporters Europe, told Sky News.

“The vast majority of police forces in Europe are perfectly capable of hosting away fans – that’s why only a handful of countries resort to travel bans.

Germany is very experienced in organising high-profile games and never had to resort to such extreme measures.

“We are happy that, contrary to the West Midlands Police, German police opted for an intelligence-informed approach and the protection of fans’ fundamental rights, including freedom of movement.”

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Essential Guide to GLP-1 Agonists for Weight Loss

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Guide to GLP-1 Agonists: Everything to Know | MyFitnessPal

Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common and well-studied modern diseases. So, new medications to combat this condition are constantly being developed.

One such type of medication is called a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonist. These meds have become increasingly popular recently because even though GLP-1 receptor agonists were initially developed to treat type 2 diabetes, they began to show a very promising benefit: significant weight loss

If you think you’re a candidate for one of these medicines, read on to learn everything you need to know about GLP-1 agonists for weight loss, how they work, who should take them, their side effects, and more.

What Are GLP-1 Agonists? 

Hormones are your body’s natural messengers. They carry important messages to different organs to keep your body functioning normally. Both insulin and GLP-1 peptide are naturally occurring hormones. 

The food you eat gets broken down into simple sugars (like glucose) in your stomach.

This sugar then enters the bloodstream and travels throughout the body. Insulin directs the sugar from your blood into your cells to be used as energy. 

But when insulin can’t do its job well anymore, the sugar remains in the blood, and you develop type 2 diabetes.

This is why people with diabetes have higher-than-normal blood sugar levels. It’s also why most diabetes medications (including GLP-1 agonists) are targeted towards blood sugar control. 

But like all good planners, your body always has a backup. When insulin starts slacking off (like it does in folks with diabetes), your body sends out the GLP-1 hormone to pick up the slack.

When scientists discovered this smart move, they came up with a way to mimic the body’s actions. Thus, GLP-1 agonists were developed. 

An agonist is any manufactured substance (like a drug or medication) that copies or boosts the actions of a naturally occurring substance (in this case, GLP-1) by stimulating its receptor.

How Does GLP-1 Work? 

GLP-1 is usually produced in the small intestine. It has a four-fold messenger action:

  1. It tells the pancreas to increase insulin secretion to manage your blood sugar levels properly.
  2. It also tells the pancreas not to release hormones like glucagon, which can move glucose from other storage places (like the liver) into the bloodstream.
  3. It tells your stomach to digest the food slowly so that more sugars don’t get added to the bloodstream before insulin can clear them out.
  4. It tells your brain that you’re full and not hungry at all — aka, it decreases hunger and increases satiety. This prevents overeating and keeps you from taking in more food before the previous meal is fully digested. 

This final action has caught the eye of the general public and has pushed GLP-1 agonists—the most well-known being semaglutide—into the limelight, even among people without diabetes.

GLP-1 agonists can decrease your appetite and keep you feeling full all the time. They may help you lose weight, especially if you find portion control challenging.

Does this mean anyone can take GLP-1 drugs to lose weight? Let’s explore the pros and cons of taking these medications for weight loss effects. 

6 Key Considerations of GLP-1 Drugs 

GLP-1 agonists were first approved for use as type 2 diabetes medication by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2005. These drugs are usually available in a liquid form, along with a needle and syringe. 

You need to inject them into the fatty tissue under your skin. The most common injection site is the belly, followed by the outer thighs, upper buttocks, and the backs of your arms.

These drugs are usually recommended only after more conventional methods like diet and exercise have failed to produce the desired results.

Even then, GLP-1 agonists aren’t miracle drugs. They should be accompanied by dietary and lifestyle changes for long-term use.

1. Learn who can and cannot take these drugs

To benefit from GLP-1 agonist drugs, your body mass index should either be 30 or higher or be 27 or higher with a health complication like: 

  • Prediabetes or type 2 diabetes 
  • Cardiovascular disease 
  • High blood pressure
  • High cholesterol 
  • Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
  • Obstructive sleep apnea
  • Polycystic ovarian syndrome

According to MyFitnessPal’s registered dietitian, Stephanie Saletta, you must consult your health care provider before starting this medication. This is because taking any medication comes with certain risks and possible side effects. A good health care provider will help you weigh the risks you face by taking the medication versus the risks of not taking it.

They’ll also factor in the health benefits you’ll receive by taking the medication. These drugs are best suited for individuals who are at health risk related to their weight. For example, if you have obesity, you’re at a higher risk of developing diabetes or heart disease. 

But if you’re NOT at health risk, then these drugs aren’t recommended for you because they put you at unnecessary risk of side effects.

You also shouldn’t take GLP-1s if:

  • You have a personal or family history of thyroid cancer, as they increase the risk of thyroid cancer.
  • You’re pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to get pregnant.
  • You have severe bowel disease.
  • You’re allergic/sensitive to Semaglutide.

Another thing to consider when opting for GLP-1s is the influence of these drugs on your food consumption.  

For example, GLP-1s impact food intake by quieting food noise and subconsciously getting you to choose less salty, sugary, and fatty foods. This speaks to how powerful your subconscious cues to eat are and the role your brain plays in obesity. 

But this is a double-edged sword because you still need to be conscious and mindful of what you’re eating to ensure you’re eating enough—which is where tracking what you eat comes in.

While taking GLP-1 medications, you need to stay disciplined about making nutritious food choices and tracking your calories to prevent malnutrition and achieve healthy weight loss.

2. Know the GLP-1 drugs available and their effectiveness

Many GLP-1 medications are available on the U.S. market. However, only the following three are currently approved by the FDA for use as weight-loss drugs: 

Semaglutide (Wegovy)

  • Type: injectable
  • Frequency: weekly 
  • Starting dose: 0.25 to 1.7 mg for the first 16 weeks 
  • Maintenance dose: 2.4 mg
  • Efficacy findings:
    1. Manufacturer-sponsored studies of 803 and 1,961 people: average decrease in body weight of 7.9% and 14.9%, respectively, with smaller waists and lower total cholesterol levels, systolic blood pressure, and triglycerides
    2. Research review in 2021: weekly dose of Wegovy led to weight reduction effects in multiple studies

Liraglutide (Saxenda)

Tirzepatide (Zepbound)

  • Dual GLP-1/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist
  • Type: injectable
  • Frequency: weekly 
  • Starting dose: 2.5 mg in 0.5-mL liquid solution for the first 4 weeks 
  • Maintenance dose: 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, or 15 mg from week 5 (based on treatment response and drug tolerance) 
  • Efficacy findings:
    1. Manufactured-sponsored SURMOUNT-3 trial: total mean weight loss of 26.6% over 84 weeks
    2. Manufactured-sponsored SURMOUNT-4 trial: total mean weight loss of 26% over 88 weeks

3. Keep in mind their potential side effects

GLP-1 agonists come with a long list of potential adverse effects such as:

  1. Digestive system: stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, heartburn, indigestion, flatulence, bloating, belching, and gastroesophageal reflux
  2. Nervous system: headache, dizziness, fatigue, mood changes, and suicidal behavior or ideation
  3. Low blood sugar and diabetic retinopathy in people with diabetes
  4. Allergic reactions
  5. Drug interactions
  6. Heart rate changes
  7. Gall stones
  8. Pancreatitis 
  9. Kidney damage
  10. Increased risk of thyroid cancer

According to cardiologist and MyFitnessPal scientific advisor Danielle Belardo, MD, most gut-related side effects can be resolved through dietary changes like eating smaller meals, increasing fiber intake, and staying hydrated.

4. Understand the insurance coverage of these drugs

Insurance coverage for GLP-1 agonists like semaglutide depends on several factors, such as the type of medication, plan, provider, and health condition.

GLP-1s are sometimes covered by insurance, but only if deemed medically necessary. For example, some providers cover them if they’re used to treat type 2 diabetes.

Medicare doesn’t cover these drugs for weight loss, but in some states, Medicaid does.

Be sure to check with your provider before starting this drug. Some plans may require prior authorization or a documented diagnosis. You may also need to meet certain health criteria or pay some copayment amount.

Novo Nordisk and Eli Lilly (the manufacturers) offer savings programs for people without insurance coverage.

5. Know the obesity treatment alternatives to GLP-1

Here are some strategies for weight management if GLP-1s aren’t for you:

  • Opt for home-cooked instead of ultra-processed foods.
  • Make small, sustainable changes to nutrition.
  • Add more protein and fiber to your diet.
  • Cut down on high-sugar beverages. Drink more plain water instead.
  • Make sure to get adequate, high-quality sleep.
  • Move your body more — whether it’s through exercise, taking a walk, or even doing chores.
  • In extreme cases, consider other weight loss treatments like surgery or medications that cause weight loss (like phentermine).
  • Seek advice from professionals like a registered dietitian, psychologist, endocrinologist, or physical therapist to receive customized care tailored to your needs.

6. Keep in mind the maximum treatment duration for GLP-1

Research shows that people gain around two-thirds of their lost weight back within a year after stopping GLP-1 supplements. So, these drugs may not be your best choice for long-term weight loss. 

Obesity is considered a chronic condition. Drugs like GLP-1s suppress cravings, increase insulin sensitivity, and mute obesity-promoting pathways in the body. But these effects can be reversed once the drug is stopped. 

In short, GLP-1s can be used for the treatment of obesity but cannot cure it completely. That’s why you need to be mentally prepared to be on GLP-1s potentially for life if you wish to receive permanent benefits.

The Bottom Line: GLP-1s Aren’t Right for Everyone 

Choosing the right drug is dependent on many factors like your health status, drug tolerance, budget, and insurance coverage. Speak to your health care provider before starting any medications. 

At the end of the day, diet and exercise are just as important in a successful weight loss journey. For an easy start, introduce small changes like planning your meals, tracking your calories, or creating an exercise routine.

Originally published June 12, 2024; Updated December 2025

The post Essential Guide to GLP-1 Agonists for Weight Loss appeared first on MyFitnessPal Blog.



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